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In addition to the roadway, for much of its history, the broad medieval bridge supported an extensive built up area of homes and businesses part of the City's Bridge Ward and its southern end in Southwark was guarded by a large stone City gateway. It replaced a 19th-century stone-arched bridge, which in turn superseded a 600-year-old stone-built medieval structure.

The current crossing, which opened to traffic in 1973, is a box girder bridge built from concrete and steel. It is the oldest road-crossing location on the river. Several bridges named London Bridge have spanned the River Thames between the City of London and Southwark, in central London. Various wooden bridges (circa AD 50 – 1176).